Dozens Of CPS Caseworkers Caught Lying, Falsifying Documents When Child Protective Services received a complaint that a Harris County father had choked his teenage daughter, caseworker Michelle Robinson said she hurried to the house, conducted a thorough investigation, determined there … Continue reading →
The ordinary meaning of the word ‘land’ is that of dry superficies of the earth as distinguished from water or air. As a legal term, land means not merely the dry superficies of the earth, but also comprises of all that has material form that man has received or can receive from nature, that is to say, from God. Furthermore, the expansive meaning of the term land means the surface of the earth often distinguished from water. Land legally includes all houses and other buildings standing or built on it. Moreover, land includes that part of the property which is in a direct line between the surface and the centre of the earth, such as mines of metals and fossils.
In other words, land is defined as a real property. Land is also an area of ground with defined boundaries, including minerals or resources below the surface and anything growing on or attached to the surface. Generally, all the buildings erected upon it are land, but there are some exceptions to this general rule. In case if a stranger constructs a building on another’s land, they will be a part of the owner’s land, and will belong to the owner. Some cases have been decided that such an erection, under peculiar circumstances, would be considered as personal property.
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This document provides the text of the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997.
Bill on Nov 13, 1997 (Passed Congress).
H.R.867
Schaefer discussed the Adoption and Safe Families Act, set in motion first by Walter Mondale and in 1997 by Bill Clinton. The law offered cash bonuses to the states for every child adopted out of foster care with the intent of addressing concerns that many children were remaining in foster care for extended periods, or subjected to multiple placements. Foster care parents who adopted their foster care children were also entitled to a check.
DANETTE MITCHELL | Columnist
One Hundred Fifth Congressof theUnited States of AmericaAT THE FIRST SESSIONSourced from: govtrack.us
begun and held at the City of Washington on Tuesday,
the seventh day of January, one thousand nine hundred and ninety-seven
An Act
To promote the adoption of children in foster care.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
(a) SHORT TITLE- This Act may be cited as the ‘Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997’.
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS- The table of contents of this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
TITLE I–REASONABLE EFFORTS AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR FOSTER CARE AND ADOPTION PLACEMENTS
Sec. 101. Clarification of the reasonable efforts requirement.
Sec. 102. Including safety in case plan and case review system requirements.
Sec. 103. States required to initiate or join proceedings to terminate parental rights for certain children in foster care.
Sec. 104. Notice of reviews and hearings; opportunity to be heard.
Sec. 105. Use of the Federal Parent Locator Service for child welfare services.
Sec. 106. Criminal records checks for prospective foster and adoptive parents.
Sec. 107. Documentation of efforts for adoption or location of a permanent home.
TITLE II–INCENTIVES FOR PROVIDING PERMANENT FAMILIES FOR CHILDREN
Sec. 201. Adoption incentive payments.
Sec. 202. Adoptions across State and county jurisdictions.
Sec. 203. Performance of States in protecting children.
TITLE III–ADDITIONAL IMPROVEMENTS AND REFORMS
Sec. 301. Authority to approve more child protection demonstration projects.
Sec. 302. Permanency hearings.
Sec. 303. Kinship care.
Sec. 304. Clarification of eligible population for independent living services.
Sec. 305. Reauthorization and expansion of family preservation and support services.
Sec. 306. Health insurance coverage for children with special needs.
Sec. 307. Continuation of eligibility for adoption assistance payments on behalf of children with special needs whose initial adoption has been dissolved.
Sec. 308. State standards to ensure quality services for children in foster care.
TITLE IV–MISCELLANEOUS
Sec. 401. Preservation of reasonable parenting.
Sec. 402. Reporting requirements.
Sec. 403. Sense of Congress regarding standby guardianship.
Sec. 404. Temporary adjustment of Contingency Fund for State Welfare Programs.
Sec. 405. Coordination of substance abuse and child protection services.
Sec. 406. Purchase of American-made equipment and products.
TITLE V–EFFECTIVE DATE
Sec. 501. Effective date.
TITLE I–REASONABLE EFFORTS AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR FOSTER CARE AND ADOPTION PLACEMENTS
SEC. 101. CLARIFICATION OF THE REASONABLE EFFORTS REQUIREMENT.
(a) IN GENERAL- Section 471(a)(15) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 671(a)(15)) is amended to read as follows:
‘(15) provides that–
‘(A) in determining reasonable efforts to be made with respect to a child, as described in this paragraph, and in making such reasonable efforts, the child’s health and safety shall be the paramount concern;
‘(B) except as provided in subparagraph (D), reasonable efforts shall be made to preserve and reunify families–
‘(i) prior to the placement of a child in foster care, to prevent or eliminate the need for removing the child from the child’s home; and
‘(ii) to make it possible for a child to safely return to the child’s home;
‘(C) if continuation of reasonable efforts of the type described in subparagraph (B) is determined to be inconsistent with the permanency plan for the child, reasonable efforts shall be made to place the child in a timely manner in accordance with the permanency plan, and to complete whatever steps are necessary to finalize the permanent placement of the child;
‘(D) reasonable efforts of the type described in subparagraph (B) shall not be required to be made with respect to a parent of a child if a court of competent jurisdiction has determined that–
‘(i) the parent has subjected the child to aggravated circumstances (as defined in State law, which definition may include but need not be limited to abandonment, torture, chronic abuse, and sexual abuse);
‘(ii) the parent has–
‘(I) committed murder (which would have been an offense under section 1111(a) of title 18, United States Code, if the offense had occurred in the special maritime or territorial jurisdiction of the United States) of another child of the parent;
‘(II) committed voluntary manslaughter (which would have been an offense under section 1112(a) of title 18, United States Code, if the offense had occurred in the special maritime or territorial jurisdiction of the United States) of another child of the parent;
‘(III) aided or abetted, attempted, conspired, or solicited to commit such a murder or such a voluntary manslaughter; or
‘(IV) committed a felony assault that results in serious bodily injury to the child or another child of the parent; or
‘(iii) the parental rights of the parent to a sibling have been terminated involuntarily;
‘(E) if reasonable efforts of the type described in subparagraph (B) are not made with respect to a child as a result of a determination made by a court of competent jurisdiction in accordance with subparagraph (D)–
‘(i) a permanency hearing (as described in section 475(5)(C)) shall be held for the child within 30 days after the determination; and
‘(ii) reasonable efforts shall be made to place the child in a timely manner in accordance with the permanency plan, and to complete whatever steps are necessary to finalize the permanent placement of the child; and
‘(F) reasonable efforts to place a child for adoption or with a legal guardian may be made concurrently with reasonable efforts of the type described in subparagraph (B);’.
(b) DEFINITION OF LEGAL GUARDIANSHIP- Section 475 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 675) is amended by adding at the end the following:
‘(7) The term ‘legal guardianship’ means a judicially created relationship between child and caretaker which is intended to be permanent and self-sustaining as evidenced by the transfer to the caretaker of the following parental rights with respect to the child: protection, education, care and control of the person, custody of the person, and decisionmaking. The term ‘legal guardian’ means the caretaker in such a relationship.’.
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENT- Section 472(a)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 672(a)(1)) is amended by inserting ‘for a child’ before ‘have been made’.
‘Nothing in this part shall be construed as precluding State courts from exercising their discretion to protect the health and safety of children in individual cases, including cases other than those described in section 471(a)(15)(D).’.
SEC. 102. INCLUDING SAFETY IN CASE PLAN AND CASE REVIEW SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS.
(A) in clause (iii)(I), by inserting ‘safe and’ after ‘where’; and
(B) in clause (iv), by inserting ‘safely’ after ‘remain’; and
(2) in section 475–
(A) in paragraph (1)–
(i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ‘safety and’ after ‘discussion of the’; and
(ii) in subparagraph (B)–
(I) by inserting ‘safe and’ after ‘child receives’; and
(II) by inserting ‘safe’ after ‘return of the child to his own’; and
(B) in paragraph (5)–
(i) in subparagraph (A), in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting ‘a safe setting that is’ after ‘placement in’; and
(ii) in subparagraph (B)–
(I) by inserting ‘the safety of the child,’ after ‘determine’; and
(II) by inserting ‘and safely maintained in’ after ‘returned to’.
SEC. 103. STATES REQUIRED TO INITIATE OR JOIN PROCEEDINGS TO TERMINATE PARENTAL RIGHTS FOR CERTAIN CHILDREN IN FOSTER CARE.
(a) REQUIREMENT FOR PROCEEDINGS- Section 475(5) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 675(5)) is amended–
(1) by striking ‘and’ at the end of subparagraph (C);
(2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (D) and inserting ‘; and’; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
‘(E) in the case of a child who has been in foster care under the responsibility of the State for 15 of the most recent 22 months, or, if a court of competent jurisdiction has determined a child to be an abandoned infant (as defined under State law) or has made a determination that the parent has committed murder of another child of the parent, committed voluntary manslaughter of another child of the parent, aided or abetted, attempted, conspired, or solicited to commit such a murder or such a voluntary manslaughter, or committed a felony assault that has resulted in serious bodily injury to the child or to another child of the parent, the State shall file a petition to terminate the parental rights of the child’s parents (or, if such a petition has been filed by another party, seek to be joined as a party to the petition), and, concurrently, to identify, recruit, process, and approve a qualified family for an adoption, unless–
‘(i) at the option of the State, the child is being cared for by a relative;
‘(ii) a State agency has documented in the case plan (which shall be available for court review) a compelling reason for determining that filing such a petition would not be in the best interests of the child; or
‘(iii) the State has not provided to the family of the child, consistent with the time period in the State case plan, such services as the State deems necessary for the safe return of the child to the child’s home, if reasonable efforts of the type described in section 471(a)(15)(B)(ii) are required to be made with respect to the child.’.
(b) DETERMINATION OF BEGINNING OF FOSTER CARE- Section 475(5) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 675(5)), as amended by subsection (a), is amended–
(1) by striking ‘and’ at the end of subparagraph (D);
(2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (E) and inserting ‘; and’; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
‘(F) a child shall be considered to have entered foster care on the earlier of–
‘(i) the date of the first judicial finding that the child has been subjected to child abuse or neglect; or
‘(ii) the date that is 60 days after the date on which the child is removed from the home.’.
(c) TRANSITION RULES-
(1) NEW FOSTER CHILDREN- In the case of a child who enters foster care (within the meaning of section 475(5)(F) of the Social Security Act) under the responsibility of a State after the date of the enactment of this Act–
(A) if the State comes into compliance with the amendments made by subsection (a) of this section before the child has been in such foster care for 15 of the most recent 22 months, the State shall comply with section 475(5)(E) of the Social Security Act with respect to the child when the child has been in such foster care for 15 of the most recent 22 months; and
(B) if the State comes into such compliance after the child has been in such foster care for 15 of the most recent 22 months, the State shall comply with such section 475(5)(E) with respect to the child not later than 3 months after the end of the first regular session of the State legislature that begins after such date of enactment.
(2) CURRENT FOSTER CHILDREN- In the case of children in foster care under the responsibility of the State on the date of the enactment of this Act, the State shall–
(A) not later than 6 months after the end of the first regular session of the State legislature that begins after such date of enactment, comply with section 475(5)(E) of the Social Security Act with respect to not less than 1/3 of such children as the State shall select, giving priority to children for whom the permanency plan (within the meaning of part E of title IV of the Social Security Act) is adoption and children who have been in foster care for the greatest length of time;
(B) not later than 12 months after the end of such first regular session, comply with such section 475(5)(E) with respect to not less than 2/3 of such children as the State shall select; and
(C) not later than 18 months after the end of such first regular session, comply with such section 475(5)(E) with respect to all of such children.
(3) TREATMENT OF 2-YEAR LEGISLATIVE SESSIONS- For purposes of this subsection, in the case of a State that has a 2-year legislative session, each year of the session is deemed to be a separate regular session of the State legislature.
(4) REQUIREMENTS TREATED AS STATE PLAN REQUIREMENTS- For purposes of part E of title IV of the Social Security Act, the requirements of this subsection shall be treated as State plan requirements imposed by section 471(a) of such Act.
(d) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION- Nothing in this section or in part E of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 670 et seq.), as amended by this Act, shall be construed as precluding State courts or State agencies from initiating the termination of parental rights for reasons other than, or for timelines earlier than, those specified in part E of title IV of such Act, when such actions are determined to be in the best interests of the child, including cases where the child has experienced multiple foster care placements of varying durations.
SEC. 104. NOTICE OF REVIEWS AND HEARINGS; OPPORTUNITY TO BE HEARD.
Section 475(5) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 675(5)), as amended by section 103, is amended–
(1) by striking ‘and’ at the end of subparagraph (E);
(2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (F) and inserting ‘; and’; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
‘(G) the foster parents (if any) of a child and any preadoptive parent or relative providing care for the child are provided with notice of, and an opportunity to be heard in, any review or hearing to be held with respect to the child, except that this subparagraph shall not be construed to require that any foster parent, preadoptive parent, or relative providing care for the child be made a party to such a review or hearing solely on the basis of such notice and opportunity to be heard.’.
SEC. 105. USE OF THE FEDERAL PARENT LOCATOR SERVICE FOR CHILD WELFARE SERVICES.
Section 453 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 653) is amended–
(1) in subsection (a)(2)–
(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting ‘or making or enforcing child custody or visitation orders,’ after ‘obligations,’; and
(B) in subparagraph (A)–
(i) by striking ‘or’ at the end of clause (ii);
(ii) by striking the comma at the end of clause (iii) and inserting ‘; or’; and
(iii) by inserting after clause (iii) the following:
‘(iv) who has or may have parental rights with respect to a child,’; and
(2) in subsection (c)–
(A) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (3) and inserting ‘; and’; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
‘(4) a State agency that is administering a program operated under a State plan under subpart 1 of part B, or a State plan approved under subpart 2 of part B or under part E.’.
Nancy Schaefer; Alex Jones Exposing CPS Alex Jones Show Full 51409 Part XIII
HOLLYWOOD – DECEMBER 17: Senator Nancy Schaefer speaks during the Church of Scientology’s Citizens Commission On Human Rights “?Psychiatry: An Industry of Death” Museum Opening on December 17, 2005 in Hollywood, California. (Photo by Kevin Winter/Getty Images for CoS)
Abstract from: thereporter.com 2020/01/12
In 2007, the late Sen. Nancy Schaefer presented a riveting and compelling report to the state of Georgia. “The corrupt business of child protective services” detailed corruption in the state’s Department of Family and Children Services.
Her investigation uncovered many cases of abuse, not only in Georgia’s child protective services, but also in other states across the nation, prompting her to write that nationwide the entire system has become corrupt and broken beyond repair. And that parents and families should be warned of the dangers.
Schaefer discussed the Adoption and Safe Families Act, set in motion first by Walter Mondale and in 1997 by Bill Clinton. The law offered cash bonuses to the states for every child adopted out of foster care with the intent of addressing concerns that many children were remaining in foster care for extended periods, or subjected to multiple placements. Foster care parents who adopted their foster care children were also entitled to a check.
But instead of helping children, the legislation, according to Schaefer, created a profitable empire built on intentionally separating parents from their children. Families mostly affected were poor and imperfect families that were still providing loving homes to their children. Yet they lost their children to the foster care system.
Findings reveal that foster care children are disproportionately children of color — especially black and Native American.
Schaefer discussed the Adoption and Safe Families Act, set in motion first by Walter Mondale and in 1997 by Bill Clinton. The law offered cash bonuses to the states for every child adopted out of foster care with the intent of addressing concerns that many children were remaining in foster care for extended periods, or subjected to multiple placements. Foster care parents who adopted their foster care children were also entitled to a check.
The “Foster Care and Human Trafficking: A state-by-state evaluation” study, released in 2017, reported that victims of sex trafficking come from our nation’s own foster care system. Also, the 2019 State Department’s Trafficking in Persons Report findings noted that the foster care system breeds human trafficking.
By DANETTE MITCHELL | Columnist
In 2007, the late Sen. Nancy Schaefer presented a riveting and compelling report to the state of Georgia. “The corrupt business of child protective services” detailed corruption in the state’s Department of Family and Children Services.
Her investigation uncovered many cases of abuse, not only in Georgia’s child protective services, but also in other states across the nation, prompting her to write that nationwide the entire system has become corrupt and broken beyond repair. And that parents and families should be warned of the dangers.
Schaefer discussed the Adoption and Safe Families Act, set in motion first by Walter Mondale and in 1997 by Bill Clinton. The law offered cash bonuses to the states for every child adopted out of foster care with the intent of addressing concerns that many children were remaining in foster care for extended periods, or subjected to multiple placements. Foster care parents who adopted their foster care children were also entitled to a check.
But instead of helping children, the legislation, according to Schaefer, created a profitable empire built on intentionally separating parents from their children. Families mostly affected were poor and imperfect families that were still providing loving homes to their children. Yet they lost their children to the foster care system.
Findings reveal that foster care children are disproportionately children of color — especially black and Native American.
Schaefer acknowledged that some home environments demanded the removal of children from them. However, hundreds of her cases revealed that rarely were decisions based on the needs of the family and child. She observed that the corrupt system could not be trusted.
Schaefer advocated for these children and their families until her death in 2010, ruled a murder-suicide by her husband. However, her colleagues, who were also working on exposing corruption in the government institution, questioned the official findings.
During January, we are observing “National Slavery and Human Trafficking Prevention Month.” It is a time to recommit ourselves to doing everything possible to eradicate human trafficking, help those who have been victimized, and protect children who are at risk of being trafficked.
The “Foster Care and Human Trafficking: A state-by-state evaluation” study, released in 2017, reported that victims of sex trafficking come from our nation’s own foster care system. Also, the 2019 State Department’s Trafficking in Persons Report findings noted that the foster care system breeds human trafficking.
In 2018, the Epoch Times reported multiple cases of alleged child sex abuse just in the Contra Costa County foster care system.
One solution implemented to help reverse some of the major damage caused by the Adoption and Safe Families Act is the Family First Prevention Services Act that took effect last Oct. 1.
States must now determine opportunities within the law, keeping at the forefront what is best for the children and their families.
However, in a billion-dollar industry, like human trafficking, the work of holding Child Protective Services accountable and responsible still requires boots on the ground like Sen. Schaefer. She shined the light on cruel injustices against the most vulnerable of our society.
Many of these children are still being abused in foster care. Others have been trafficked and are missing. Yet many of them have not been reported because their foster parents want to continue collecting the check.
Adoption websites post children’s photographs with personal information, opening the door to that child’s next abuser. Parents are fighting for their parental rights while watching their children adopted out from under them.
Schaefer’s closing remarks in her report remains valid in 2020: “Children deserve better. Families deserve better. It’s time to pull back the curtain and set our children and families free.”
— The Vacaville author is a social issues advocate. E-mail: damitchell@earthlink.net
Nancy Schaefer and Alex Jones expose the cruelty and corruption of Child Protective Services.
“Equality Act 2010 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 12 February 2020. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date.” ~ legislation.gov.uk
Introductory Text
Part 1 Socio-economic inequalities
Part 2 Equality: key concepts
Part 3 Services and public functions
Part 4 Premises
Part 5 Work
Part 6 Education
Part 7 Associations
Part 8 Prohibited conduct: ancillary
Part 9 Enforcement
Part 10 Contracts, etc.
Part 11 Advancement of equality
Part 11 Advancement of equality
Part 13 Disability: miscellaneous
Part 14 General exceptions
Part 15 Family property
Part 16 General and miscellaneous
EQUALITY & DIVERSITY Equality is not about treating all people in the same way. It’s about recognizing and respecting diversity enough to adapt practice.
Be Careful What You Tweet For (part 1)
Last month, the Central London Employment Tribunal held that a woman’s belief that “sex is biologically immutable” was not protected as a philosophical belief under the Equality Act 2010.
This finding sparked a great media frenzy, with proponents of the ruling arguing that it was a victory for trans rights whilst critics – including JK Rowling — argued that it was a defeat for freedom of expression. Continue reading →
Application By Consent To Vary FGM Protection Orders To Allow Greater Freedom To Travel
TowardChange
Oxfordshire County Council v AD & Ors [2019] EWFC B66
Application by consent to vary FGM protection orders to allow greater freedom to travel
Facts The parents had four children including three girls aged 19 (CD), 17 (ED) and 15 (FD) in December 2019.
The family were from country X but came to the UK in August 2016 for the father’s work. They had been due to return in July 2017 but in March 2017 CD reported to her GP that she feared plans had been made for all three girls to undergo FGM upon their return, at the instigation of their paternal grandmother.
The Local Authority (Oxfordshire County Council) then applied to the Court for FGM protection orders and Emergency Protection Orders, which were granted and the girls were removed from their parents’ care. Care proceedings followed. The girls were then returned to their mother (AD) as there was evidence that they were at no risk while they remained in England, however the parents acknowledged that they would be unable to protect the girls should they return to Country X. The father (BD) then returned to Country X as originally planned in July 2017. Continue reading →Continue reading →
Foster Parent Caught In Child-Sex Sting Sentenced To Eight Years In Prison
Joshua Saavedra
Today, Attorney General Hector Balderas announced that Joshua Saavedra, a longtime foster parent from Albuquerque who agreed to trade drugs and money for sex with who he believed to be a 13-year-old girl, was sentenced to eight years in prison by Second Judicial District Court Judge Brett Loveless following a guilty plea to the crime of sexual exploitation of children by prostitution. Continue reading →
Paedophile Hunters Confronted Sick Pervert At Work On First Day Of New Job
Click here to watch the VIDEO: This is the moment a security guard was confronted by paedophile hunters on his first day at a new job which led to him being arrested and jailed for more than five years today (Wednesday).
Duncan Russell believed he was speaking to a young girl online over 13 days but he was really talking to an adult. He told his “victim” that men did not think that much “except about football, sex and women” before asking her for explicit pictures and asking her to perform sex acts, a judge was told.
And after admitting the sexual offences in court he went on the run for seven months before being caught by police.
Senior judges overturn previous case law meaning that legal authorisation must be sought for deprivation of liberty of 16- or 17-year-olds who lack capacity to consent
A mother decided, 10 years ago, that she wanted to homeschool her son, who has Cerebral Palsy. However, when he was admitted to hospital as an inpatient two years ago, her local council, Northamptonshire County, informed her that he could not return to the family home. Why? Simply because they felt that she had an ‘alternative stance on education’ which was ‘not in his best interests.’
